What is APA 7th Referencing

APA 7th Referencing Guide
When you have included information from published sources in your work, you must acknowledge it fully and accurately by:

identifying your sources, in a brief format, in the body of your written work (referred to as an in-text citation)
providing a detailed list of your sources in an alphabetical list at the end of your work (known as a reference list)
Read the Introduction to the guide (PDF download) to find out why and when you need to reference it.

The University referencing style is APA 7th. However, some departments use slightly varying rules, so please check your module handbook. Law students use OSCOLA, please see the Law subject guide.

Please see the University's official guide to referencing using APA 7th (PDF download).

We also provide a quick guide to referencing in two formats:

Mobile-friendly "read on-screen" PDF
Printable PDF
Use the links below for guidance on referencing specific types of sources, and reference builders (where available). A PDF guide for each source is also available on each page.

Please note: it is your responsibility to proof-read your references carefully and correct any errors.